14
गुणत्रयविभागयोग
Gunatraya Vibhaga Yoga
Krishna explains sattva, rajas, and tamas—the three qualities that shape perception and action. He describes how to recognize their influence and move beyond their hold.
Chapter 14 · Gunatraya Vibhaga Yoga
27 verses
1
BG 14.1
श्रीभगवानुवाच | परं भूयः प्रवक्ष्यामि ज्ञानानां ज्ञानमुत्तमम् | यज्ज्ञात्वा मुनयः सर्वे परां सिद्धिमितो गताः ||१४-१||
The Lord said: I will again explain the highest knowledge, the best of all knowledge, through which all sages have attained supreme perfection.
2
BG 14.2
इदं ज्ञानमुपाश्रित्य मम साधर्म्यमागताः | सर्गेऽपि नोपजायन्ते प्रलये न व्यथन्ति च ||१४-२||
Taking refuge in this knowledge and attaining a nature like mine, they are not born at creation and are not distressed at dissolution.
3
BG 14.3
मम योनिर्महद् ब्रह्म तस्मिन्गर्भं दधाम्यहम् | सम्भवः सर्वभूतानां ततो भवति भारत ||१४-३||
The great Brahman is my womb; in it I place the seed of life. From that comes the birth of all beings, Bharata.
4
BG 14.4
सर्वयोनिषु कौन्तेय मूर्तयः सम्भवन्ति याः | तासां ब्रह्म महद्योनिरहं बीजप्रदः पिता ||१४-४||
Whatever forms arise in all wombs, Kunti's son, the great Brahman is their womb, and I am the father who supplies the seed.
5
BG 14.5
सत्त्वं रजस्तम इति गुणाः प्रकृतिसम्भवाः | निबध्नन्ति महाबाहो देहे देहिनमव्ययम् ||१४-५||
Clarity, passion, and darkness are the qualities born of nature. They bind the unchanging embodied self within the body, mighty-armed one.
6
BG 14.6
तत्र सत्त्वं निर्मलत्वात्प्रकाशकमनामयम् | सुखसङ्गेन बध्नाति ज्ञानसङ्गेन चानघ ||१४-६||
Of these, clarity is illuminating and free from disturbance because it is pure. Yet it binds through attachment to happiness and knowledge, blameless one.
7
BG 14.7
रजो रागात्मकं विद्धि तृष्णासङ्गसमुद्भवम् | तन्निबध्नाति कौन्तेय कर्मसङ्गेन देहिनम् ||१४-७||
Know passion to have the nature of attraction, arising from craving and attachment. It binds the embodied self through attachment to action, Kunti's son.
8
BG 14.8
तमस्त्वज्ञानजं विद्धि मोहनं सर्वदेहिनाम् | प्रमादालस्यनिद्राभिस्तन्निबध्नाति भारत ||१४-८||
Know darkness to arise from ignorance and to confuse all embodied beings. It binds through carelessness, laziness, and sleep, Bharata.
9
BG 14.9
सत्त्वं सुखे सञ्जयति रजः कर्मणि भारत | ज्ञानमावृत्य तु तमः प्रमादे सञ्जयत्युत ||१४-९||
Clarity attaches one to happiness; passion to action, Bharata. Darkness covers knowledge and attaches one to carelessness.
10
BG 14.10
रजस्तमश्चाभिभूय सत्त्वं भवति भारत | रजः सत्त्वं तमश्चैव तमः सत्त्वं रजस्तथा ||१४-१०||
Clarity prevails by overcoming passion and darkness, Bharata; passion overcomes clarity and darkness; darkness overcomes clarity and passion.
11
BG 14.11
सर्वद्वारेषु देहेऽस्मिन्प्रकाश उपजायते | ज्ञानं यदा तदा विद्याद्विवृद्धं सत्त्वमित्युत ||१४-११||
When the light of knowledge shines through all the gates of this body, one should know that clarity has increased.
12
BG 14.12
लोभः प्रवृत्तिरारम्भः कर्मणामशमः स्पृहा | रजस्येतानि जायन्ते विवृद्धे भरतर्षभ ||१४-१२||
Greed, restless activity, the starting of undertakings, lack of calm, and longing arise when passion increases, best of the Bharatas.
13
BG 14.13
अप्रकाशोऽप्रवृत्तिश्च प्रमादो मोह एव च | तमस्येतानि जायन्ते विवृद्धे कुरुनन्दन ||१४-१३||
Lack of illumination, inactivity, carelessness, and confusion arise when darkness increases, descendant of Kuru.
14
BG 14.14
यदा सत्त्वे प्रवृद्धे तु प्रलयं याति देहभृत् | तदोत्तमविदां लोकानमलान्प्रतिपद्यते ||१४-१४||
When an embodied being dies while clarity predominates, that being reaches the pure worlds of those who know the highest.
15
BG 14.15
रजसि प्रलयं गत्वा कर्मसङ्गिषु जायते | तथा प्रलीनस्तमसि मूढयोनिषु जायते ||१४-१५||
Dying when passion predominates, one is born among those attached to action. Dying in darkness, one is born in confused forms of life.
16
BG 14.16
कर्मणः सुकृतस्याहुः सात्त्विकं निर्मलं फलम् | रजसस्तु फलं दुःखमज्ञानं तमसः फलम् ||१४-१६||
The fruit of good action is said to be pure and characterized by clarity; the fruit of passion is suffering, and the fruit of darkness is ignorance.
17
BG 14.17
सत्त्वात्सञ्जायते ज्ञानं रजसो लोभ एव च | प्रमादमोहौ तमसो भवतोऽज्ञानमेव च ||१४-१७||
Knowledge arises from clarity, greed from passion, and carelessness, confusion, and ignorance from darkness.
18
BG 14.18
ऊर्ध्वं गच्छन्ति सत्त्वस्था मध्ये तिष्ठन्ति राजसाः | जघन्यगुणवृत्तिस्था अधो गच्छन्ति तामसाः ||१४-१८||
Those established in clarity rise upward; those governed by passion remain in the middle; those governed by darkness, settled in the lowest workings of the qualities, go downward.
19
BG 14.19
नान्यं गुणेभ्यः कर्तारं यदा द्रष्टानुपश्यति | गुणेभ्यश्च परं वेत्ति मद्भावं सोऽधिगच्छति ||१४-१९||
When the seer recognizes no agent other than the qualities and knows what is beyond them, that person reaches my state of being.
20
BG 14.20
गुणानेतानतीत्य त्रीन्देही देहसमुद्भवान् | जन्ममृत्युजरादुःखैर्विमुक्तोऽमृतमश्नुते ||१४-२०||
Passing beyond these three qualities from which the body arises, the embodied self is freed from birth, death, old age, and suffering, and tastes immortality.
21
BG 14.21
अर्जुन उवाच | कैर्लिङ्गैस्त्रीन्गुणानेतानतीतो भवति प्रभो | किमाचारः कथं चैतांस्त्रीन्गुणानतिवर्तते ||१४-२१||
Arjuna asked: Lord, by what signs is someone known to have passed beyond these three qualities? How does such a person behave, and how does one go beyond them?
22
BG 14.22
श्रीभगवानुवाच | प्रकाशं च प्रवृत्तिं च मोहमेव च पाण्डव | न द्वेष्टि सम्प्रवृत्तानि न निवृत्तानि काङ्क्षति ||१४-२२||
The Lord said: Son of Pandu, such a person does not hate illumination, activity, or confusion when they arise, and does not long for them when they cease.
23
BG 14.23
उदासीनवदासीनो गुणैर्यो न विचाल्यते | गुणा वर्तन्त इत्येवं योऽवतिष्ठति नेङ्गते ||१४-२३||
Remaining as though a neutral observer, unmoved by the qualities, such a person stays steady, knowing, 'The qualities are at work,' and does not waver.
24
BG 14.24
समदुःखसुखः स्वस्थः समलोष्टाश्मकाञ्चनः | तुल्यप्रियाप्रियो धीरस्तुल्यनिन्दात्मसंस्तुतिः ||१४-२४||
Balanced in suffering and happiness, grounded in the self, regarding earth, stone, and gold alike, the steady person treats the pleasant and unpleasant, blame and praise, equally.
25
BG 14.25
मानापमानयोस्तुल्यस्तुल्यो मित्रारिपक्षयोः | सर्वारम्भपरित्यागी गुणातीतः स उच्यते ||१४-२५||
Equal in honor and dishonor, equal toward the sides of friends and enemies, and relinquishing all self-driven undertakings, such a person is said to have gone beyond the qualities.
26
BG 14.26
मां च योऽव्यभिचारेण भक्तियोगेन सेवते | स गुणान्समतीत्यैतान्ब्रह्मभूयाय कल्पते ||१४-२६||
One who serves me through unwavering devotion passes beyond these qualities and becomes fit for the state of Brahman.
27
BG 14.27
ब्रह्मणो हि प्रतिष्ठाहममृतस्याव्ययस्य च | शाश्वतस्य च धर्मस्य सुखस्यैकान्तिकस्य च ||१४-२७||
For I am the foundation of Brahman, of immortality and imperishability, of enduring duty, and of absolute happiness.